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Vet Pathol 38:628-635 (2001)
© 2001 American College of Veterinary Pathologists

Characterization of the Inflammatory Infiltrate in Canine Chronic Hepatitis

J. Boisclair, M. Doré, G. Beauchamp, L. Chouinard and C. Girard

Département de Pathologie et Microbiologie, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, PQ, Canada (JB, MD, GB, CG); and ClinTrials BioResearch, Senneville, PQ, Canada (LC)

Canine chronic hepatitis (CCH) is a progressive inflammatory disease of unknown etiology. To characterize the inflammatory infiltrate, 16 dogs with CCH were selected and classified into three groups based on the stage of fibrosis, as evaluated with Masson's trichrome stain. The inflammatory infiltrate in each liver section was immunohistochemically characterized and evaluated using CD3, lysozyme, {lambda} and {kappa} light chain, and {alpha}-smooth muscle actin antibodies. Numerous breeds were affected, and middle-aged females predominated in this select group. Necroinflammatory activity progressively increased and then waned as the hepatitis progressed to cirrhosis. CD3+ lymphocytes were the most numerous lymphoid cells in dogs with CCH. Degenerate hepatocytes were occasionally surrounded by CD3+ lymphocytes. Necrosis was positively correlated with the number of CD3+ lymphocytes. The {lambda} and {kappa} light chain–positive cell infiltrate was variable but generally mild. A positive correlation between the {lambda} and {kappa} light chain–positive cells and the portal {alpha}-smooth muscle actin was found. The number of {alpha}-smooth muscle actin–positive cells (myofibroblasts) in portal triads and fibrous septa was positively correlated with the stage of fibrosis. In contrast, no correlation was found between the number of lysozyme-positive cells (Kupffer cells) and the stage of fibrosis. These results further support the idea of an immune-mediated process in CCH and suggest that periductular myofibroblasts play an important role in canine liver fibrogenesis.

Key words: CD3+; lymphocytes; chronic hepatitis; dogs; immunohistochemistry; myofibroblasts.

Request reprints from Dr. J. Boisclair, Département de Pathologie et Microbiologie, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, C.P. 5000, St-Hyacinthe, PQ J2S 7C6 (Canada). E-mail: boisclaj{at}magellan.umontreal.ca.




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G. A. Mekonnen, J. IJzer, and H. Nederbragt
Tenascin-C in Chronic Canine Hepatitis: Immunohistochemical Localization and Correlation with Necro-Inflammatory Activity, Fibrotic Stage, and Expression of Alpha-Smooth Muscle Actin, Cytokeratin 7, and CD3+ Cells
Vet. Pathol., November 1, 2007; 44(6): 803 - 813.
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Copyright © 2001 by the American College of Veterinary Pathologists.