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An Immunohistochemical Study of Cyclooxygenase-2 Expression in Various Feline Neoplasms

Department of Biomedical Sciences (SLB, SPM) and Department of Clinical Sciences (KMR), College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY; and Harrington Oncology Program, School of Veterinary Medicine, Tufts University, North Grafton, MA (ASM)

Cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes catalyze the synthesis of prostaglandins and exist as two isoforms, COX-1 and COX-2. COX-2 is a potent inducible mediator of inflammation. COX-2 is also upregulated in several human tumors and in canine squamous cell, renal cell, and transitional cell carcinomas, prostatic adenocarcinoma, and intestinal neoplasia. The purpose of this study was to determine whether COX-2 is expressed in various feline tumors. Results of this study may help determine whether COX-2 is a potential target for therapeutic and preventive strategies in cats. Immunohistochemical studies were performed on paraffin-embedded tissues using the amplified streptavidin–biotin–horseradish peroxidase system. COX-2 was found in 7 of 19 (37%) feline transitional cell carcinomas and in 2 of 21 (9%) feline oral squamous cell carcinomas. No COX-2 immunoreactivity was detected in cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas (6), adenocarcinomas (nine mammary, eight pulmonary, seven intestinal), lymphomas (six nasal, six intestinal), or 10 vaccine-associated sarcomas. The widespread absence of COX-2 expression in most feline neoplasms might suggest that COX-2 inhibitors would have a low potential as anticancer agents.

Key words: Cancer; cats; immunohistochemistry; squamous cell carcinoma; transitional cell carcinoma.

Request for reprints from Dr. K. M. Rassnick, Department of Clinical Sciences, Box 31, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853 (USA). E-mail: kmr32{at}cornell.edu.

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