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Vet Pathol 41:170-176 (2004)
© 2004 American College of Veterinary Pathologists
BRIEF COMMUNICATIONS AND CASE REPORTS

Chronic Eosinophilic Dermatitis Associated with Persistent Feline Herpes Virus Infection in Cheetahs (Acinonyx jubatus)

L. Munson, R. Wack, M. Duncan, R. J. Montali, D. Boon, I. Stalis, G. J. Crawshaw, K. N. Cameron, J. Mortenson, S. Citino, J. Zuba and R. E. Junge

Abstract

A chronic ulcerative and eosinophilic dermatitis occurred in 20 captive cheetahs (Acinonyx jubatus) with persistent feline herpes virus 1 (FHV1) infection. Affected animals had erythematous, ulcerated plaques primarily on the face and forelegs in sites of contact with lachrymal and salivary secretions. The dermatitis was characterized by dense infiltrates of eosinophils and plasma cells and pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia. Rare keratinocytes within the lesions had nuclei with marginated chromatin and small eosinophilic inclusions composed of herpes virus nucleocapsids. Virus isolated from lesions was confirmed to be FHV1. Lesions persisted and progressed unless removed by cryoexcision. The occurrence of this unusual reaction to FHV1 in approximately 5% of captive North American cheetahs suggests a species propensity for a Th2-dominant response to herpes virus infection. This atypical immune reaction may indicate a heritable trait or modulation of the immune response by other factors such as chronic stress.

Key words: Acinonyx jubatus; cheetahs; dermatitis; eosinophils; feline herpes virus 1; pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia.

Request reprints from Dr. L. Munson, Department of Veterinary Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of California, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616 (USA). E-mail: lmunson{at}ucdavis.edu.




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D. G. Sledge, D. L. Miller, E. L. Styer, H. A. Hydrick, and C. A. Baldwin
Equine herpesvirus 2-associated granulomatous dermatitis in a horse.
Vet. Pathol., July 1, 2006; 43(4): 548 - 552.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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