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Vet Pathol 41:527-532 (2004)
© 2004 American College of Veterinary Pathologists
BRIEF COMMUNICATIONS AND CASE REPORTS

Leukoencephalitis Associated with Selective Viral Replication in the Brain of a Pony with Experimental Chronic Equine Infectious Anemia Virus Infection

J. L. Oaks, M. T. Long and T. V. Baszler

Abstract

Neurologic disease occurs sporadically in horses infected with the equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV). This report describes a case of clinically severe neurologic disease in a pony experimentally infected with EIAV. This pony did not have fever or anemia, which are the characteristic clinical signs of disease. The histopathologic changes were characterized as lymphohistiocytic periventricular leukoencephalitis. Polymerase chain reaction and in situ hybridization data showed that the brain lesions were directly associated with viral replication and that high-level viral replication occurred selectively within the lesion and not in other tissues. These findings suggest that EIAV-associated neurologic disease is the direct result of viral replication.

Key words: Central nervous system; equine herpesvirus type 1; equine infectious anemia virus; immunohistochemistry; in situ hybridization; leukoencephalitis; neurologic disease; polymerase chain reaction; viral replication.

Request reprints from Dr. J. Lindsay Oaks, Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, Washington Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory, Washington State University, PO Box 647040, Pullman, WA 99164-7040 (USA). E-mail: loaks{at}vetmed.wsu.edu






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