This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in ISI Web of Science Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via ISI Web of Science (28) Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Opriessnig, T. Articles by Halbur, P. G. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Opriessnig, T. Articles by Halbur, P. G. Social Bookmarking                            What's this?

Experimental Reproduction of Postweaning Multisystemic Wasting Syndrome in Pigs by Dual Infection with Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and Porcine Circovirus Type 2

Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine (TO, PGH), and Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine (ELT, SY), College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA; and Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Center for Molecular Medicine and Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA (MF, XJM)

The objectives of this study were to investigate the interactions between Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) and to establish a model for studying the pathogenesis of and testing intervention strategies for the control of PCV2-associated porcine respiratory disease complex (PRDC). Sixty-seven pigs were randomly assigned to four groups. Group 1 (n = 17) pigs served as controls, group 2 (n = 17) pigs were inoculated with M. hyopneumoniae, group 3 (n = 17) pigs were dual infected with M. hyopneumoniae and PCV2, and group 4 (n = 16) pigs were inoculated with PCV2. Pigs were inoculated intratracheally with M. hyopneumoniae at 4 weeks of age followed by intranasal inoculation with PCV2 at 6 weeks of age. Dual-infected pigs had moderate dyspnea, lethargy, and reduced weight gain. The overall severity of macroscopic lung lesions, PCV2-associated microscopic lesions in lung and lymphoid tissues, and the amount of PCV2-antigen associated with these lesions were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in dual-infected pigs compared with all other groups. Four of 17 (23.5%) dual-infected pigs had decreased growth rate and severe lymphoid depletion and granulomatous lymphadenitis associated with high amounts of PCV2-antigen consistent with postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS). PCV2-antigen in lung tissue was most often associated with M. hyopneumoniae–induced peribronchial lymphoid hyperplasia, suggesting that this is an important site for PCV2 replication in the lung. This study indicates that M. hyopneumoniae potentiates the severity of PCV2-associated lung and lymphoid lesions, increases the amount and prolongs the presence of PCV2-antigen, and increases the incidence of PMWS in pigs.

Key words: Coinfection; Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae; porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2); porcine respiratory disease complex (PRDC); postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS).

Request reprints from Dr. P. G. Halbur, Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-1250 (USA). E-mail: pghalbur{at}iastate.edu

CiteULike    Complore    Connotea    Del.icio.us    Digg    Facebook    Reddit    Technorati    Twitter    What's this?

This article has been cited by other articles:

				D. M. Madson, A. R. Patterson, S. Ramamoorthy, N. Pal, X. J. Meng, and T. Opriessnig Reproductive Failure Experimentally Induced in Sows via Artificial Insemination with Semen Spiked with Porcine Circovirus Type 2 Vet. Pathol., July 1, 2009; 46(4): 707 - 716. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				T. Opriessnig, A. R. Patterson, D. M. Madson, N. Pal, M. Rothschild, D. Kuhar, J. K. Lunney, N. M. Juhan, X. J. Meng, and P. G. Halbur Difference in severity of porcine circovirus type two-induced pathological lesions between Landrace and Pietrain pigs J Anim Sci, May 1, 2009; 87(5): 1582 - 1590. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				D. M. Madson, S. Ramamoorthy, C. Kuster, N. Pal, X.-J. Meng, P. G. Halbur, and T. Opriessnig Characterization of shedding patterns of Porcine circovirus types 2a and 2b in experimentally inoculated mature boars J Vet Diagn Invest, November 1, 2008; 20(6): 725 - 734. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				T. Opriessnig, S. Ramamoorthy, D. M. Madson, A. R. Patterson, N. Pal, S. Carman, X. J. Meng, and P. G. Halbur Differences in virulence among porcine circovirus type 2 isolates are unrelated to cluster type 2a or 2b and prior infection provides heterologous protection J. Gen. Virol., October 1, 2008; 89(10): 2482 - 2491. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. A. Gagnon, J. R.E. del Castillo, N. Music, G. Fontaine, J. Harel, and D. Tremblay Development and use of a multiplex real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay for detection and differentiation of Porcine circovirus-2 genotypes 2a and 2b in an epidemiological survey J Vet Diagn Invest, September 1, 2008; 20(5): 545 - 558. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. J. Oneal, E. R. Schafer, M. L. Madsen, and F. C. Minion Global transcriptional analysis of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae following exposure to norepinephrine Microbiology, September 1, 2008; 154(9): 2581 - 2588. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				T. Opriessnig, A. R. Patterson, J. Elsener, X. J. Meng, and P. G. Halbur Influence of Maternal Antibodies on Efficacy of Porcine Circovirus Type 2 (PCV2) Vaccination To Protect Pigs from Experimental Infection with PCV2 Clin. Vaccine Immunol., March 1, 2008; 15(3): 397 - 401. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				G. Misinzo, P. L. Delputte, and H. J. Nauwynck Inhibition of Endosome-Lysosome System Acidification Enhances Porcine Circovirus 2 Infection of Porcine Epithelial Cells J. Virol., February 1, 2008; 82(3): 1128 - 1135. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				T. Opriessnig, X.-J. Meng, and P. G. Halbur Porcine Circovirus Type 2 associated disease: Update on current terminology, clinical manifestations, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and intervention strategies J Vet Diagn Invest, November 1, 2007; 19(6): 591 - 615. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K. Kawashima, K. Katsuda, and H. Tsunemitsu Epidemiological investigation of the prevalence and features of postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome in Japan J Vet Diagn Invest, January 1, 2007; 19(1): 60 - 68. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				T. Opriessnig, N. E. McKeown, E.-M. Zhou, X.-J. Meng, and P. G. Halbur Genetic and experimental comparison of porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) isolates from cases with and without PCV2-associated lesions provides evidence for differences in virulence. J. Gen. Virol., October 1, 2006; 87(Pt 10): 2923 - 2932. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				T. Opriessnig, N. E. McKeown, K. L. Harmon, X. J. Meng, and P. G. Halbur Porcine circovirus type 2 infection decreases the efficacy of a modified live porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus vaccine. Clin. Vaccine Immunol., August 1, 2006; 13(8): 923 - 929. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				T. Opriessnig, M. Fenaux, P. Thomas, M. J. Hoogland, M. F. Rothschild, X. J. Meng, and P. G. Halbur Evidence of Breed-dependent Differences in Susceptibility to Porcine Circovirus Type-2-associated Disease and Lesions Vet. Pathol., May 1, 2006; 43(3): 281 - 293. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				N. E. McKeown, T. Opriessnig, P. Thomas, D. K. Guenette, F. Elvinger, M. Fenaux, P. G. Halbur, and X. J. Meng Effects of Porcine Circovirus Type 2 (PCV2) Maternal Antibodies on Experimental Infection of Piglets with PCV2 Clin. Vaccine Immunol., November 1, 2005; 12(11): 1347 - 1351. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]