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Vet Pathol 42:176-183 (2005)
© 2005 American College of Veterinary Pathologists

Multiple Perineuriomas in Chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus)

T. Toyoda, K. Ochiai, K. Ohashi, Y. Tomioka, T. Kimura and T. Umemura

Laboratories of Comparative Pathology (TT, KO, YT, TK, TU) and Infectious Disease (KO), Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan

Intraneural perineurioma is an extremely rare condition characterized by perineurial cell proliferation within peripheral nerve (PN) sheaths. In the veterinary field, this entity has been reported only in a dog. We examined multiple enlargements of PNs in 11 chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) (9 Japanese bantams and 2 specific pathogen–free White Leghorn), which were inoculated with an avian leukosis virus (ALV) causing so-called fowl glioma. All chickens clinically exhibited progressive leg paralysis. Lumbosacral plexus, brachial plexus, and/or spinal ganglion were commonly affected, and these nerves contained a diffuse proliferation of spindle cells arranged concentrically in characteristic onion bulb–like structures surrounded by residual axons and myelin sheaths. The spindle cells were immunohistochemically negative for S-100{alpha}/ß protein. Electron microscopy revealed that these cells were characterized by short bipolar cytoplasmic processes, occasional cytoplasmic pinocytotic vesicles, and discontinuous basal laminae. These features are consistent with those of intraneural perineurioma. Furthermore, the specific sequence of the ALV was detected in the PN lesions of 8/ 11 (73%) birds by polymerase chain reaction. These results indicate that the multiple intraneural perineuriomas of chicken may be associated with the ALV-A causing fowl glioma.

Key words: Avian leukosis virus (ALV); chickens; electron microscopy; fowl glioma; immunohistochemistry; PCR; perineurioma; peripheral nerve.

Request reprints from Dr. K. Ochiai, Laboratory of Comparative Pathology, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0818 (Japan). E-mail: kochiai{at}vetmed.hokudai.ac.jp




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