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Expression of Mx Protein and Interferon- in Pigs Experimentally Infected with Swine Influenza Virus

Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Kwanak-Gu 151-742, Seoul, Republic of Korea

Expression of Mx protein and interferon- (IFN-) was examined by immunohistochemistry in pigs experimentally infected with swine influenza virus. In infected pigs euthanatized at 1 day postinoculation (dpi), the lumen of bronchioles were filled with large numbers of mononuclear cells, small numbers of neutrophils, sloughing epithelial cells, and proteinaceous fluid. Lesions at 3 and 5 dpi were similar but less severe. Alveolar spaces were filled with neutrophils. By 7 and 10 dpi, microscopic lesions were resolved. The immunohistochemical signals for Mx protein and IFN- antigen were confined to cells in areas that had hybridization signal for swine influenza virus. In situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry of serial sections of lung indicated that areas containing numerous swine influenza virus RNA-positive cells also have numerous Mx and IFN- antigen-positive cells. Mean immunohistochemical scores for Mx protein-positive cells were correlated with mean immunohistochemical scores for IFN- antigen-positive cells (r_s = 0.8799, P < 0.05). These results indicated that Mx protein and IFN- antigen were expressed in the lung from pigs experimentally infected with swine influenza virus, but their biological functions remain to be examined.

Key words: H1N2 subtype; immunohistochemistry; interferon-; Mx protein; pigs; swine influenza virus.

Request reprints from Dr C Chae, Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, San 56-1, Shillim-Dong, Kwanak-Gu 151-742, Seoul (Republic of Korea). E-mail: swine{at}plaza.snu.ac.kr

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