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Vet Pathol 43:718-725 (2006)
© 2006 American College of Veterinary Pathologists

Potentiation of Porcine Circovirus 2–induced Postweaning Multisystemic Wasting Syndrome by Porcine Parvovirus Is Associated with Excessive Production of Tumor Necrosis Factor-{alpha}

J. Kim, Y. Ha and C. Chae

Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Kwanak-Gu, Republic of Korea

This study investigated the potentiation of porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2)-induced postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome by porcine parvovirus (PPV) and found it was associated with excessive production of tumor necrosis factor-{alpha} (TNF-{alpha}). Colostrum-deprived conventional pigs were inoculated intranasally with PCV2 or PPV alone or in combination (PCV2 and PPV). In vitro assay of TNF-{alpha}, obtained from alveolar macrophages coinfected with PCV2 and PPV, showed a significant increase in TNF-{alpha} compared to single infection of macrophages with either PCV2 or PPV alone (P < 0.05). All pigs inoculated with PCV2 and PPV developed severe postweaning wasting syndrome, whereas clinical signs (e.g., weight loss) were present but perhaps less severe in either PCV2- or PPV-inoculated pigs. Compared to the pigs inoculated with PCV2 or PPV alone, pigs inoculated dually with PCV2 and PPV showed significantly (P < 0.05) increased levels of TNF-{alpha}. Levels of TNF-{alpha} in the sera were reversely correlated with the body weight in pigs experimentally infected with dual inoculation of PCV2 and PPV (rs = –0.92, P < 0.001). These data suggest that a potentiation of PPV in PCV2-induced PMWS is associated with the excessive production of TNF-{alpha}.

Key words: Porcine circovirus; porcine parvovirus; postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome; swine; tumor necrosis factor-{alpha}.

Request reprints from C Chae, Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Kwanak-Gu (Republic of Korea). E-mail: swine{at}plaza.snu.ac.kr






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Copyright © 2006 by the American College of Veterinary Pathologists.