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Polycystic Ovary Syndrome with Endometrial Hyperplasia in a Cynomolgus Monkey (Macaca fascicularis)

Department of Pathology, Comparative Medicine Section, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston Salem, NC

Abstract

A 13-year-old, obese, female cynomolgus monkey (Macaca fascicularis) was observed in a 5-year neurobehavioral study and was humanely euthanatized for experimental purposes. During this observational study, the monkey was noted to ovulate only rarely (0–3 times a year), with a prolonged menstrual cycle length (up to 161 days), hyperandrogenism (androstenedione area under the curve in response to adrenocorticotropic hormone up to 27.64 ng/ml), and hyperinsulinemia (fasting insulin up to 65.85 µIU/ml). This animal's body mass index was 65.46 kg/m², with central obesity. On postmortem examination, the uterus was moderately enlarged, with an eccentric lumen and a broad-based endometrial polyp that consisted of complex glandular hyperplasia with atypia. Both ovaries contained many 2- to 3-mm follicles, without any corpora lutea. A diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome was made based on the clinical history, endocrinology, and gross and histopathologic findings.

Key words: Cynomolgus monkey; endometrial hyperplasia; polycystic ovary syndrome.

Request reprints from Dr. J Mark Cline, Department of Pathology, Comparative Medicine Section, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157-1040 (USA). E-mail: jmcline{at}wfubmc.edu